Opposition to Compliance’s Raven project appears universal

Lands and waters of the Inside Passage on the west coast had two national entities. The Coast Salish from mid-Vancouver Island to the Malahat on the south who would face Kwak Kwak A’wak tribes directly to the north. The Salish Sea of the Inside Passage was their seafood banquet from time immemorial. At the north end of the Salish Sea the Pentlatch people were of the Coast Salish Nation.

Coast Salish did vigorous trade in the Pacific Coast economy. They were large and self-sufficient as a nation with wealth unsurpassed from Fraser sockeye salmon runs. They traded competitively with Potlatch nations like Makah (or other Nuu Chah Nulth), Kwak Kwak Awak, Haida, Tsimshian, and Gitxsan.

Potlatch contained a system of ownership protocols, identifications of wealth garnered from trade. Everything was recorded in elaborate ‘art’ that was actually advanced hieroglyphics. The only misfortune of the Pentlatch was to occupy a territory holding fossil fuel for it made them a target on their own property of millennial concern. Coal was ‘discovered’ and a coal rush began.

The Pentlatch collective might have been extinguished except blood lines escaped the onslaught of disease and rampant dislocation to live with K’Moks people a short distance to the north of traditional Pentlatch homes in Union Bay and Fanny Bay and lands that climb away to the west on Vancouver Island.

The nightmare for Pentlatch occurred when coal was king. As time passed so did the coal industry from the Cumberland area, and new industries long since emerged, including a flourishing shellfish industry involving K’Moks and Pentlatch families in their traditional waters of Bayne Sound.

Therefore the provincial government is hearing a well-spring of concerns about such matters as traditional rights and title and imminent concerns over settling the First Nation land claims around proposed coal properties, concerns that have to be addressed before king coal returns to wreak havoc again with Pentlatch and K’Moks people. 

On June 28, 2011, K’Moks First Nation declared opposition to Compliance Energy Raven Project, as reported in Comox Valley Echo, a regional newspaper. “K'ómoks First Nation has come out in opposition to the proposed Raven Coal Mine near Fanny Bay,” says the report. “It not only has serious concerns over the environmental impact a mine could have, but also believes the project will be harmful to ongoing K'ómoks treaty negotiations and aboriginal rights.”

The Band's chief negotiator, Mark Stevenson, noted in the press release that the K’Moks intends to become owner of 90 hectares (220 acres) of Crown land between the proposed mine site and Fanny Bay as part of an eventual treaty settlement, and that any mine would, "severely restrict the use of any land added to the K'ómoks land deal in treaty talks.”

 Indeed, K’Moks expresses concerns whether land acquired will be environmentally compromised and untenable for any useful purpose. Issues like quality of the local aquifers and creeks in the immediate area are crucial to K'ómoks people as well as many others, said Stevenson. The K’Moks earmarked Tsable River and Cowie Creek drainage systems, in particular, “Water rights on those two watercourses are part of ongoing negotiations.”

The negotiator said that regard should be paid to waters (including Tsable and Cowie Creek) that empty into Baynes Sound, furthermore, where K’Moks and many growers operate significant shellfish aquaculture interests. K’Moks expects to add more shellfish operations when a treaty is signed. Stevenon stated that promoters of the mine had, “shown no interest in aboriginal and treaty rights. We want to set the record straight. We cannot support any project that hurts K'ómoks' long-term interests."

The K’Moks people are not alone in opposition. Baynes Sound coal mine opposition has been called 'unprecedented, in headlines carried in the Comox Valley Record, June 30, 2011. Reports said over 2500  people submitted comments about the proposed Raven underground coal mine near Baynes Sound during a 40-day public comment period. Overall public meetings about the mine drew a combined total of about 1,500 people in Courtenay, Port Alberni and Union Bay.

Organizations from the B.C. Shellfish Growers Association to the Port Alberni and District Labour Council to the K’ómoks First Nation — a diverse group of organizations and people are standing against this project,” the report said, and, ”of the over 2500 submitted comments, over 95 percent were voicing serious concerns about environment or opposed the project.”

John Tapics, President and CEO of Compliance Energy, recently stated that an independent feasibility study was a significant step forward. He said the study confirms the long term financial viability of the Raven project which is achievable with responsible environmental and social considerations. “We are pleased with the plan developed in the Feasibility Study . . .  and look forward to our next phase of progressing forward through the coordinated Provincial-Federal environmental approval processes."

The Feasibility Study concludes that the Project (100% basis) is financially attractive with an estimated pre-tax NPV (8% discount rate) of CDN$378 million at an average realized coal price of CDN$174 per tonne (prices are FOB Port Alberni). The Project returns a non-levered, pre-tax discounted cash flow-internal rate of return of 28.7%.

Opposition mounts even if the numbers look good. John Snyder of CoalWatch Comox Valley said public and email submissions are showing an amazing amount of opposition. “I was at all three public meetings, where 1,500 went to public meetings and 200 signed on to make their statements public. Of all 200 only one spoke in favour. We are being spun as a vocal minority but that is totally false.”

The common thread is, “We don’t see the proposed project as a future vision for our communities,” said Snyder, “The coal mine is on the east side of Vancouver Island, and they plan to transport the coal 80 km to Port Alberni. Both Fanny Bay and Port Alberni citizens have been joined by Island-wide opposition.”

There is the green factor to consider, says Snyder, that B.C. is willing to export a huge amount of coal, most to Pacific Rim countries, whereas it is illegal to burn coal for energy in B.C.. “The government wants to paint themselves green when they export the problems contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.”

Snyder notes that Port Alberni has fallen on hard times with the downturn in forestry so the city is trying to reinvent itself. “It’s boom and bust in Port Alberni, however, the District Labour Council has passed unanimous motion to oppose the project. They say a handful of jobs at port facility doesn’t outweigh the negatives.”

The negatives they say are 3 trucks per hour, 24/7, 365 days a year, trucking in a circuitous route, going in loaded, coming out empty on the transportation corridor, “which is looking at 150 trucks per day going past your front door.” Snyder adds, “People in favour say, well, in the old logging days we had a lot of trucks. Don’t forget normal traffic and a lot of tourists also have to use the corridor.”

Snyder’s group says, “Port Alberni has air quality issues, winter temperature inversions, trapping pollutants. The project adds up to a couple hundred jobs at the mine site, trucking jobs, and the shipping terminus for the metallurgical bituminous coal product in Port Alberni. Complaince obtained a property in which coal is owned outright, so no royalties accrue to the province. The property is part of the old Dunsmuir deal,” dating back to the end of Pentlatch communities. “All the underground rights went into the building of the railroad to ship the coal.”

Raven Mine will have a 3100 hectare underground footprint, said Snyder," and a 200 hectare above ground footprint. Fifty-six percent of the raw coal mined will be left on the surface as waste rock, and the remaining forty-four percent will be shipped for export. Other deposits are in sight so this is a foot in the door.” He suggests part of the environmental assessment should be inclusive of other deposits within  Compliance Energy's 29,000 hectare coal tenure in the Comox Valley.

“We sent a request for an Independent Review Panel to then-federal Minister of the Environment Jim Prentice last August, explaining why we thought it is necessary for Independent Review Panel. The time line for the 16 year mine would begin in 2013,” although that may be less than completely feasible.

The making of a company to do broad-based marine services

Port services are expanding at the Port of Prince Rupert, B.C., in a huge area joined now by a tripartite business venture with Island Tug and Barge, Metlakatla, and Lax Kw’alaams First Nations.

Ryan Leighton, Director of Operations for Metlakatla Development Corporation (MDC),  is discussing the new marine services company forming on the north west coast. “It`s very early stages,” says  Leighton, “and it is difficult to foresee what opportunities we have for generating employment. It`s a matter of moving assets to Prince Rupert and going from there.”

Leighton says, “There is a multitude of different businesses we are looking at but everything is preliminary and nothing is set in stone.” The tripartite business group is building the business portfolio in partnership with the Coast Tsimshian`s two main communities, Metlakatla and Kw’alaams, and Island Tug and Barge. “I am not sure of how many and different the opportunities are, or which ones we are going to take.”

Leighton notes the north has multitude of opportunities. MDC has a number of companies presently engaged in everything from forestry to gas stations to tour companies to ferry services, including a new  education centre for skills development at a Prince Rupert facility. MDC is committed to making opportunity extend into the two primary CT communities of Metlakatla and Kw’alaams .

The new marine services ventures will operate across the north west coast region, “We are involved regionally. We are going to grow. Barge services up here provide essential fuel, materials, supplies, everything right down to garbage remediation, and our services will extend as far north as Alaska.”

Leighton says, “We are faced with labour difficulties and strong demand for capacity building in our communities. The problem of skill development is widespread and we must spend a lot of time and money on capacity-building.  We have the opportunities, and now we are matching them up with communities.”

Chief Harold Leighton and the Metlakatla Band Council decided MDC would take on responsibility and foot the bill for a ramp-up of labour skills. A new MDC facility is in action in Prince Rupert while the Port of Prince Rupert is finishing signing agreement with Coast Tsimshian. “The signing is coming imminently,” said  Leighton. “The federal government  did make their announcement a few weeks ago. It`s a matter of a short time and the signing does many thing, including provisions for a lot of contracting training.”

Metlakatla has membership over 800, and Lax Kw'alaams is over 1600 members. “With all the port development coming on, the Coast Tsimshian signing with the port authority is for jobs, sole source contracting, and participation in all public information programs surrounding the port.  Leighton says, “The port deal is a long time coming, a number of years and the signing is a recognition that it`s our land.  It`s certain to have a positive influence on our future plans to have Impact Benefit Agreements that that recognize the territory as belonging to Coast Tsimshian.

The Coast Tsimshian community leadership made the business proposal when they approached ITB about forming a broad-based marine services company, “Lax Kw’alaams, Metlakatla (First Nations),  and Island Tug and Barge Ltd. signed a joint venture partnership agreement on April 12, at the 2011 National Aboriginal Business Opportunities Conference, held in Prince Rupert.” 

The press release says Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla First Nations make up the Coast Tsimshian Nation, with the core of their exclusive traditional territory being the Prince Rupert Harbour. 

“This is not a tugboat company,” says John Lindsay, ITB vice president and general manager, “It is a fully equipped marine services company in a hot area of economic development.” Lindsay says the Port of Prince Rupert is undergoing all kinds of expansion to meet the shipping demands of commodity sectors like coal, potash, and other export minerals. “Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla leaders came to us and proposed the making of a company to do broad-based marine services, and we were happy to be asked.”

The new company will emerge over the coming weeks with port services in all areas of support for vessels, including construction of facilities, and environmental protection and remediation operations that will range along the entire coast. Island Tug and Barge itself is engaged in chartered and scheduled barging and towing services in Canada and abroad. This new tripartite company for BC Coastal communities has a solid foundation. The new company will be providing tug and barge, fuel supply, short sea shipping, marine construction, and other marine services to a range of customers on the north coast. 

“We worked in collaboration with our two partners to plan the company launch. Our goals include recruiting and preparing employees with training and development. Employment skills are required with the labour force that we intend to employ,” therefore recruitment includes a strong push into both communities. “We are very pleased to be part of these communities and hire the people who are available,” for the wide range of job opportunities created.

 Aboriginal business planners mapped the new employment prospects coming to communities in a situation of business ownership by two respective Band entities. ”The labour base is ready to be trained,” said Lindsay. “Marine operations at port facilities are regulated by Transport Canada, and all kinds of certification is required for our employees. It takes time and we are starting with the basics.”

ITB is working with First Nations that have marine facilities, and some personnel, already at work for ITB, though the company has never analyzed the workforce for the racial make-up of the employees, and always respects the territorial integrity and inherent rights of the communities they have long-served. The new company opens opportunity to expand infrastructure on Watson Island and Metlakatla with port and marine service facilities that could adjunct to Port of Prince Rupert in the future. The commencement of operations for the new company will occur by the end of summer 2011, while naming of this venture will occur during the summer once Elders of both nations are consulted. The new company will be imprinting national imagery in branding and marketing of the entity. 

When signing the agreement and making the announcement in late April 2011, Chief Councilor Garry Reece said, “We are extremely pleased to be joining with Island Tug, which will allow us to continue to bring skills and employment opportunities to my People.” Chief Councilor Harold Leighton of Lax Kw’alaams followed by stating, “Our communities have large traditional  territories that encompass Prince Rupert and the North Coast. The marine economic development opportunities for us are significant, and partnering with Island Tug will enable us to tap into those opportunities.” 

Recently, the Coast Tsimshian agreed to a business and employment package with the Port of Prince Rupert, and Chief Reece stated, “This is just a first of many steps we are taking to build opportunity in the Prince Rupert area, which will be good for everyone.” Lindsay concluded, “Island Tug has a long history of serving First Nations and other communities on the B.C. coast. We’re very pleased to work with Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla  to develop a range of marine opportunities in their traditional territories on the north coast.”

The making of a Prince Rupert company to do broad-based marine services

 Port services are expanding at the Port of Prince Rupert, B.C., in a huge growth area joined now by a tripartite business venture with Island Tug and Barge, Metlakatla, and Lax Kw’alaams First Nations.

While discussing the new marine services company that is being formed on the Northwest coast, Ryan Leighton, Director of Operations for the Metlakatla Development Corporation (MDC) stated, “It`s in the very early stages,” says Ryan, and it is difficult to foresee what opportunities we have for generating employment. It`s a matter of moving assets to Prince Rupert and going from there.”

Ryan says, “There is a multitude of different opportunities we are looking at; however, at this time, everything is preliminary and nothing is set in stone.” The tripartite business group that includes Metlakatla, Lax Kw’Alaams and Island Tug and Barge is building the business portfolio.

Ryan notes that the North has an array of opportunities. MDC has a number of companies that range from forestry, a gas station, a tour company, ferry services, and an education centre that delivers a variety of educational and skills-building programs in Prince Rupert. The MDC is committed to creating opportunities that will sustain the two primary Coastal Tsimshian communities of Metlakatla and Lax Kw’Alaams.”

The new marine services project will operate across the Northwest coast region, “We are involved regionally and we’re going to grow. Barge services up here provide essential fuel, materials, supplies, everything right down to garbage remediation, “and our services will extend as far North as Alaska.”

He goes on to say, “We are faced with labour difficulties and the strong demand for capacity building in our communities. The issue of skill development is widespread and we have to spend a lot of time and money on capacity-building. We have the opportunities; we now need the skilled labour resources.”

The MDC, through their education centre (FNT&DC), has already started training First Nations people in a number of areas including college readiness, adult graduation and labour skills programs. 

Harold Leighton, MDC’s CEO, is a firm believer in providing the Band membership with the necessary foundational skills that will allow them to pursue further education in the area of their choice. Regarding the agreement between the Port of Prince Rupert and the Coast Tsimshian, Ryan’s comments were, “The signing is imminent. The federal government made their announcement a few weeks ago. The agreement includes many things.”

Metlakatla has a membership of over 800, and the membership for Lax Kw’Alaams is over 3200 members. Ryan affirms, “The agreement between the Port and the Coast Tsimshian allows for jobs, sole source contracting, and participation in all public information programs relating to the port. This agreement has taken a number of years to negotiate. The signing of it will confirm to us that the port acknowledges their obligation to negotiate Impact Benefit Agreements that recognize Metlakatla’s and Lax Kw’Alaams’ rights and title in this territory.”

The Coast Tsimshian community leadership made the business proposal when they approached ITB about forming a broad-based marine services company, “Lax Kw’alaams, Metlakatla (First Nations),  and Island Tug and Barge Ltd. signed a joint venture partnership agreement on April 12, at the 2011 National Aboriginal Business Opportunities Conference, held in Prince Rupert.”

The press release says Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla First Nations make up the Coast Tsimshian Nation, with the core of their exclusive traditional territory being the Prince Rupert Harbour.

“This is not a tugboat company,” says John Lindsay, ITB vice president and general manager, “It is a fully equipped marine services company in a hot area of economic development.” Lindsay says the Port of Prince Rupert is undergoing all kinds of expansion to meet the shipping demands of commodity sectors like coal, potash, and other export minerals. “Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla leaders came to us and proposed the making of a company to do broad-based marine services, and we were happy to be asked.”

The new company will emerge over the coming weeks with port services in all areas of support for vessels, including construction of facilities, and environmental protection and remediation operations that will range along the entire coast. Island Tug and Barge itself is engaged in chartered and scheduled barging and towing services in Canada and abroad. This new tripartite company for BC Coastal communities has a solid foundation. The new company will be providing tug and barge, fuel supply, short sea shipping, marine construction, and other marine services to a range of customers on the north coast.

“We worked in collaboration with our two partners to plan the company launch. Our goals include recruiting and preparing employees with training and development. Employment skills are required with the labour force that we intend to employ,” therefore recruitment includes a strong push into both communities. “We are very pleased to be part of these communities and hire the people who are available,” for the wide range of job opportunities created.

Aboriginal business planners mapped the new employment prospects coming to communities in a situation of business ownership by two respective Band entities. ”The labour base is ready to be trained,” said Lindsay. “Marine operations at port facilities are regulated by Transport Canada, and all kinds of certification is required for our employees. It takes time and we are starting with the basics.”

ITB is working with First Nations that have marine facilities, and some personnel, already at work for ITB, though the company has never analyzed the workforce for the racial make-up of the employees, and always respects the territorial integrity and inherent rights of the communities they have long-served. The new company opens opportunity to expand infrastructure on Watson Island and Metlakatla with port and marine service facilities that could adjunct to Port of Prince Rupert in the future. The commencement of operations for the new company will occur by the end of summer 2011, while naming of this venture will occur during the summer once Elders of both nations are consulted. The new company will be imprinting national imagery in branding and marketing of the entity.

When signing the agreement and making the announcement in late April, Chief Councillor Garry Reece said, “We are extremely pleased to be joining with Island Tug, which will allow us to continue to bring skills and employment opportunities to my People.” Chief Councillor Harold Leighton of Lax Kw’alaams followed by stating, “Our communities have large traditional  territories that encompass Prince Rupert and the North Coast. The marine economic development opportunities for us are significant, and partnering with Island Tug will enable us to tap into those opportunities.”

Recently, the Coast Tsimshian agreed to a business and employment package with the Port of Prince Rupert, and Chief Reece stated, “This is just a first of many steps we are taking to build opportunity in the Prince Rupert area, which will be good for everyone.” Lindsay concluded, “Island Tug has a long history of serving First Nations and other communities on the B.C. coast. We’re very pleased to work with Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla  to develop a range of marine opportunities in their traditional territories on the north coast.”

Pat Alfred Memorial Potlatch

 Pat Alfred's Memorial Potlatch took place mid-spring 2011 in Alert Bay, B.C., and the gathering came to the Big House of the Namgis Nation on Cormorant Island. The Alfred family was preparing the Potlatch for late April or May, and the Alfreds received a lot of community support. They gave a treasure of memories and gifts in return.
 

The passing of Pat Alfred came as a blow to the community when he died by accident on the Inside Passage. He was 75 years old when it happened and Pat was working in the depth of a winter night as  another member of a fishing crew in the herring fishery.  When the herring boat called the Westisle was hauling in a catch at about midnight January 7, 2008, Pat was swept away to die by hypothermia and drowning in the waters beside Vancouver Island.
 

It happened because the ball of herring took off into a panicky swim and pitched the loaded vessel to its side so fast nobody wore the safety suits. Watching his crew mates struggled to gain a way out of the deadly situation, Pat Alfred, esteemed Namgis Elder, lifelong fisherman, important First Nation Canadian citizen, waved the crewmen away to their own salvation. Pat's body was found the next day on the shores of another Inside Passage island. His family and 400 mourners laid Pat to rest the following January 12th, in Alert Bay, BC.. 

Pat was an Elder who believed in the work of the commercial fishery in Coastal First Nations. He was known as a man who was able to preserve a vestige of a formerly prosperous occupation. He had served as an elected chief, was holder of Hereditary Title, and Pat raised a family in Alert Bay with his wife Pauline. In his life, as in his passing, the world changed under his feet, and the traditional ways of his people as gregarious and successful commercial fishers collapsed along the coast.

Before his life, his forefathers fought a secret battle to preserve Kwakwala-speaking culture. The government had outlawed their system of binding society. Potlatch preparation takes immense energy from a group known as Homatsa, a secret society of warriors whose skills include carving. Pat was never a carver. He was born in the middle of the Canadian government's effort to extinguish First Nation culture. 

Pat's sons are carvers. One is Wayne Alfred, renowned master carver who exacts images of old from photographs and artifacts. Pat's grandson, Marcus Alfred, developed his skills since childhood and has become a highly proficient carver following the guidance of masters like his father, and Beau Dick. These cultural artisans are inspired by Potlatch as they carve in a language that seems to make profound statements that have no meaning to anybody but God anymore.

The world today is allowed to marvel without understanding the complexity of the sign language found on the west coast. At Pat's upcoming Potlatch the community will witness a pole-raising ceremony, Pat's memorial pole. This pole is presently being written like a Talmud that supports the oral tradition of Pat's heritage. The carvers dig into the past to make actual pieces that express great heaps of tradition knowledge. A language once removed may actually someday be restored! 

In days of old the highest achievers in a Potlatch culture were artists and artisans, and the compositions were knowledge banks, like books. These compositions described who was doing what (and where they did it) for their livelihood. This region of the world was rich in processed goods long before European merchandise was traded.

The riches came from cultivating the 'tree of life' (they called it) and designing their lives around cedar and seafood.  Eight Potlatch nations on the coast each had their own sets of autonomous collectives. Beau Dick, Homatsa chief, says the autonomous collectives operated like leagues, “often competitively.” A system of hereditary clan houses communicated knowledge via societies. Each of the eight nations on the coast in the Potlatch system was entirely informed of national protocols by reading things on poles, in house fronts, in chilkat blankets, and in all the forms of 'art' that was reproduced.

The art contained written identification of wealth and fiscal origins of manufactured goods. Tthis information was made available to identify the order of society, and the flow of wealth. Crests and logos adorned every piece of equipment, fishing tools, carving tools, all household items, canoes, the housefronts of the House chiefs. This part of the world developed an economy that strongly resembles the stock exchange of today through corporation development of logos and imagery identifying the money trail.

The old St. Michael's Residential School stands in Alert Bay, built in 1929. Pat was a student at the school. “The school should continue to stand,” says Wayne Alfred. “They keep Auschwitz standing as a reminder of the past.” Some of the carving for Pat's coming Potlatch is underway in the basement by carvers who work all hours of the day and night. (The rest of the haunted edifice is deserted.)
 

This Pat Alfred Memorial Potlatch in the Broughton Archipelago occurred as a reminder of enduring strength of those autonomous collectives that Pat came from. It occurred in the traditional home of the Kwakwala speaking nation. The Pat Alfred Memorial Potlatch lasted a couple of days and played host to a couple thousand people in the beautiful Alert Bay Big House. At that event the abilities of the Alfreds and their community to portray a thriving culture will no doubt stand out as a living testament to the life and times of Pat Alfred.

A good first example of implementation of APSA certification

credit Mainstream Canada

A recent announcement by the Aboriginal Aquaculture Association is receiving positive feedback on the west coast where so many communities are dependent on a marine economy that has disappeared for several years, practically a couple decades or more. The Aboriginal Principles for Sustainable Aquaculture (APSA) standard of certification has been applied to Mainstream Canada, and, according to proponents, “other aquaculture companies are now inquiring about certification. What are the criteria?

“The AAA has been working with Ahousaht for a year to bring about APSA certification of Mainstream Canada operations.” APSA grew out of a strenuous academic exercise that began about half-a-decade ago, with the goal of making industry compliant with First Nations inherent interests and values. APSA certification will show the world that, “a company produced in a way that meets the needs of First Nations with a program approved by First Nations.”

Richard Harry is the president of the AAA, “We need to make the world understand and appreciate First Nations communities operating in aquaculture. It is the biggest employer in our communities. There are jobs for people which  sustains communities, and we are  partners in these endeavors.”

As a close observer of the industry over the years, Harry notes, “Fish farming is probably the most over-regulated industry in the country. To us, it`s operation standards that matter. And where the industry goes we need to be part of it. Fiirst Nations and the companies involved will   lead the APSA program. But the market place itself is probably the most important place.”

Harry says, “Since we lack resources to promote the certification, it`s the people who accept this form of certification that will do the promotion. I don`t know if it`s ever happened that a First Nation certification of an industry has occurred.”

The AAA mission statement is to support First Nation sustainable aquaculture in ways that support and respect First Nation community culture and values. It means First Nation-approved aquaculture products coming onto the market. During the years of development, “We looked at environmental issues first, then began looking deeper at the regulatory and government programs, both mandatory and voluntary, including issues like compliance to ISO 14000, environmental permitting and assessments, government and community protocols.”

The AAA designed the criteria beginning with environmental performance of these companies and industries, “a performance that has to be better understand by public. But we also realized the need for monitoring social aspects of aquaculture, that we should focus on the economic impact in communities, and cultural aspects, asking if aquaculture operators are meeting needs in local communities.”

Ahousaht is deeply engaged in the aquaculture and fish farm industry so it makes a good starting point for a certification program, and, Harry adds, “Mainstream has been working with Ahousaht for long time to develop the relationship, in fact, signing a protocol agreementl last year. They had a natural foundation for certification.” Thus fish farming received the first certification of aquaculture under APSA, but, “The whole idea is to go across all sorts of aquaculture. 

“But this is a good first example of implementation. AAA`s goal is to have APSA applied to any form of aquaculture, operator, and First Nation across the country.” APSA audits the economic, social, water and land use, personnel use, and applies to aquaculture on the ocean, or land, including hatcheries.

“It`s like any other certification program that has a set of criteria and those criteria were developed in cooperation with AAA and First Nations. You are talking about a set of criteria established by the AAA and First Nation communities done by a third party does audit process.”

The AAA has held a couple of workshops lately to inform First Nations about APSA and the benefits they should see, with a third meeting coming to Nanaimo May 25, 2011. Contact AAA at 250-286-9939 visit www.aboriginalaquaculture.com

Potlatch-level Indigenous Artists and Artisans gather on the Pacific Coast of Canada

Potlatch Presentation: The artisans and members of Homatsa prepare to host the Pat Alfred Memorial Potlatch, April 2011, Alert Bay, BC

Financial expertise key to make ‘potential’ into reality

 Gail Murray runs Vero Management Ltd., a 100 percent Aboriginal-owned company that balances many years of corporate banking and financial expertise with First Nations communities and economic development.

Murray is the General Manager of Vero Management Ltd.. When we met a couple years ago, it was while the world of business started to open up to First Nations. I was reading about things happening in First Nation economic development. Little did I know Murray played an instrumental role in developing incredible stories , literally breakthroughs in capacity building on many fronts.

More recently Murray saw a need, took the risk, and now it’s paying off. “The best part of it all is we are making a difference to First Nation communities we work with.” Just one year ago, Murray decided to form a management consulting practice. In her career, most recently the last decade, she was Regional Manager, Aboriginal Banking, RBC, B.C. District, and became intricately aware of First Nations community and economic development. She mastered a few financial turns in making success out of the unique challenges faced by First Nations. 

“Businesses and corporations alike were attempting to balance economic development with sustainable and healthier intentions.” 

Murray says, “Strong financial fundamentals are a critical component of any business or community development scenario." Murray believes the people she works with have professional backgrounds that fit an emerging business model, one that works within the environment to create wealth while sustaining the environment, “The business models developed in Canada with First Nations and Aboriginal groups could have a much broader application throughout the world of Indigenous People developing their economies. There is a global shift towards more socially and environmentally responsible development and support.”

There is a number of framework organizations monitoring this emerging economy, and Murray rapidly cites several, including Dow Jones Sustainability Index, Janzi Funds, and, “the Ecuador Principles, and other globally recognized benchmarks have been established to ensure socially and environmentally responsible development.” Whether it is First Nations or corporate clients  the objective is the same for Vero, “bringing a team of experts who are committed to making the outcome a success.” 

Business stories about First Nations used to be hard to find in the 1990s when I started looking and writing them up in all kinds of news outlets. Today we are beginning to see Aboriginal business reaching to new highs in the Canadian and world economy. The economy of the country is changing, Murray says, “We need to change and adapt to meet changing needs. Often this is through transitioning workers from one sector to another. ” She adds, “Developments of massive proportions are becoming increasingly common,” and all partners have critical financial decisions to make. “That’s where Vero will play a critical role.”

She adds, “It’s our goal to ensure First Nations are fully in front of the changes that take place in their territories.” Her company adheres to a philosophical statement: Vero Management Ltd. is Where Business and Social Responsibility Meet. By the way, Vero means ‘Truth’ in Latin.

Carpenters also build 'capacity' in Coastal First Nation communities

John McNestry set up the Discovery Community College Mobile Training and Apprenticeship program, and the key word is mobile. These training courses are delivered everywhere from Bella Bella to Tofino to Ahousaht, and Alert Bay. Discovery Community College is taking the courses up and down the B.C. coast to meet a huge demand for skilled building trades people.

The first mobile carpentry course finished in December 2010, and, in the program, “Students are engaged for about 8 months total because we added some elements to the course, including a module on remodeling, drywall installation, and cabinetry-making.” These are additions to the basic carpentry skills and DCC goes even further. 

“We give them the basics in a year-one carpentry curriculum, foundation program, and go much further with training on roofing and siding ,so they can do housing maintenance in the communities.” As it stands, “Right now we have trained over 100 carpenters. Why is demand so high? “They’ve been  in training for carpentry because while the country is in a recession we are seeing continuous building of housing on-reserve. The demand for housing is huge, and the demand for skilled trades to build the housing is immeasurable.

Graduates are coming in numbers like twenty-three in Namgis First Nation, twenty in Ahousaht, eleven in Bella Bella  (plus 17 on second program that has recently commenced), and similar numbers for Opitsaht and Tofino. “I have a huge number of carpenters ready for the job,” says McNestry, “no less than 127 First Nations students.”

The program has an urgent need for funding, “We have to find more money now and any publicity about our success will be helpful. We want to go to the MP, Minister of Indian Affairs, and an island representative in Parliament, “It’s not just for tuition and tools. We have students that need support for rent and food for themselves and their families.”

DCC’s mobile carpentry program may be a raging success indeed, however, “We’ve run out of funds. We have the opportunity to create life-changing and life-affirming career,” and, “The thing is that out of these numbers we will see dozens of red-seal carpenters in communities where there are none today.”

None? That’s appalling, isn’t it? Anybody who has seen a First Nation Pacific Coast carving knows one thing: the people work in wood like nobody’s business. “Carpenters could be apprenticed in their own communities. We want to develop a bunch red-seal carpenters on the coast within First Nation communities.” The goal is to educate within self-sustaining communities where apprentices can find opportunities never before available on-reserve.

“A red seal tradesperson can apprentice people into the trade. We are becoming more First Nation specific to carpentry than any other college.” DCC has three mobile carpentry units. “All the training is done in community. We have double the success rate of programs that see the students coming into Campbell River to the college campus. At home in community they have their support systems, including family, local culture,” and the hope of future autonomy by institutions delivering education and training to their midst.

McNestry says, “It makes sense to deliver it local. There’s a lot of work going on. The whole idea is to make sure missing skill development starts to happen. All the letters I receive from people in Ahousaht speak to more program delivery or this sort.”
'

Europeans found  a thriving log and carving culture woven into the societies of the west coast, and wood-working culture remains integral to community life, even though, says McNestry, “They were left out of the surging growth that surrounded themselves. They have no trained people, no red seal trades living on-reserve.” 

The only way into the mainstream economy is to get the red seal certification into First Nations communities, to make apprenticeship a readily available career path. The communities will benefit immensely, “Money that currently leaves the community will stay.” McNestry says it’s a lot of money, “Of a $5 million housing project, 70 percent of the work is done in carpentry. By providing wood-working skills, it’s brings a myriad of benefits. For one thing, wood fibre is out there. Trades people could develop businesses that work in dimensional  cedar and fir.”

DCC has put $2 million put into this mobile training initiative. “The graduates are all heading into their second year apprenticeships. They are graduates of a framing technician’s program and now they need 1,000 hours of employment in the trade to achieve year two.” A red seal carpenter is a four-year apprenticeship and training program.

Carpentry careers can proceed many different ways, and at DCC in Campbell River, “We have a full woodworking and millwork shop, so, when they are ready to advance their skill sets further, we have the programs.”

Mobile training is increasing community-capacity for self-sufficiency in more ways than carpentry. Community Support Worker is another eight-month study program at DCC that is graduating qualified community personnel, and they are also training hands-on in their own community. A CSW program is underway in Namgis First Nation (Alert Bay) a few days away from commencing as spring approaches. 

McNestry says, “The CSW Program is a self-healing program,” and as it is dealing with social issues from infant to elder, including substance abuse, spousal loss, abused women,  at-risk teenagers. “Several months ago we began to realize this may be a healing program for the students. As we found the eight month program proceeding, we found they have internal challenges that the students tend to work out in their studies.”

McNestry believes this aspect to the CSW is going to gain recognition. “Programs deal with every conceivable issue in life, and when you have the history of Residential School suffering and loss of a verbal culture passed down by generations, the healing of the healers is paramount in importance.” McNestry hopes to see a clinical study of the program healing the healers. CSW in Ahousaht will be closely observed and monitored for the program’s propensity for healing the students.

Saratoga Beach on Vancouver Island

Resort on Saratoga, Vancouver Island, B.C. A resort on the beach in Canada, in winter. The Inside Passage of British Columbia.

Paul Houghton hams it up wearing the J-Leg Enabler Prosthetic Invention by Mack McColl

 

Two First Nation titles released at LMS

Dave Erismann is Executive Director of the Ladysmith Maritime Society that hosted a book signing in late summer 2010 that featured a couple of local First Nation writers putting their book titles on sale. “We have a great relationship with the Stz’uminus First Nation and a lot of community use by members.”

A recent book signing was another example of the community use of the LMS facilities. “We had a very successful Book Launch of ‘Pulling for Stz’uminus: The Pearl Harris Story,’” and Erismann arranged a lot of the publicity that went along with the event. “The book signing was held on Saturday, September 4th 2010, at which time,” says  Erismann, “The Pearl Harris Story” book was launched at the LMS Community Marina,

Erismann says, “Community members from Stz’uminus First Nation (SFN) and Town of Ladysmith attended the reading of “Pulling for Stz’uminus: The Pearl Harris Story,” and a complimentary BBQ  salmon lunch was provided along with the opportunity to purchase the book, “and have Pearl sign their copy.” The book by Mabel Mitchell, Wild Women was also launched during this event. The books are a series of new books for Stz’uminus to provide education to elementary school children of the cultural and history of Stz’uminus. 

The books describe how since time immemorial the people of Stz’uminus Nation lived in the heart of the Gulf Islands, and  Erismann says LMS wants to be involved with the culture that precedes the activities of a modern day maritime hub like Ladysmith. The book signing with Pearl Harris and release of Mabel’s book is part of the LMS role in community. LMS facilities are public-use and oriented with modern marine services like the LMS Community Marina, as well as historical records and displays in the society’s museum, and these operations are found in Ladysmith harbour. 
 

“We are the first marina on your port side after you enter the harbour to Ladysmith,” says Erismann. ”We are located convenient to the town center, the railway station, Transfer Beach and the local transit system - the Ladysmith trolley, which stops just steps away from our marina, and on sale now, ‘Pulling for Stz’uminus: The Pearl Harris Story’”

Fort Nelson First Nations work hard to stay engaged in a huge oil and gas play

Harvey Behn is the General Manager of Eh-Cho Dene Enterprises in Fort Nelson, B.C., a company and a community at the centre of a huge oil and gas region in full industrial bloom. It doesn’t get any more industrially active in oil and gas than it is right now in the surroundings of Fort Nelson, says Behn.

It is his ancestral home as much as his current home, whereas Behn is educated in oil and gas development with a Petroleum Engineering degree from University of Wyoming. “We are riding a tsunami of new development in the oil and gas industry around us, and we are surrounded by industry, government, and then there’s us, little Indians on the bottom trying to get up on the wave and ride it to survive.”

He stares at the spending program underway by oil and gas exploration companies (the number of which are too many to count, much less name) and he reflects upon the impact to the environment, the lifestyle of people in the area, and the ways to make opportunities a reality for his community.
 

As general manager of Eh-Cho Dene Enterprises construction company he employs up to 120 people during major construction projects. The company history dates back to the early 1980s, and in the past 20 years the Fort Nelson Dene people have established a lot of thriving businesses that operate in the town and region; many residents of the 500-person reserve either work for Dene-owned businesses or own one themselves. (Another 300 members buy or rent homes in Fort Nelson or area.)
 

The current pace of business activity is a little daunting even to a professional oil man with a long career like Behn. “Just one oil company, for example, has a $1.2 billion exploration budget to outlay in drilling and all the obligations.” Behn’s goal is to put Eh-Cho Dene trucks and equipment into a few of these expansive operations. Fort Nelson is their epicentre of activity, a place where Behn was born and raised. He also sits on a six-member council, while the Eh-Cho Dene company is a limited owned by the Band, and run by a six-member board of directors. 

Illustrative of how busy the activity is in Fort Nelson, says Behn, “This year there was no spring break or slow-down in exploration activity. It was non-stop this year and we expect it to be running flat-out again this coming 2011.” This is good news for the 85 percent First Nation employees under his management. It makes for a thriving reserve adjacent Fort Nelson.

Restoration and revitalization by Gwawaenuk, Watson Island, B.C.

Chief Charlie Williams is working on an extensive program of revitalization and has the village site of Hopetown, B.C., on Watson Island, coming back to life, “We began August 20, 2010, with a team of archaeologists and experienced assistants, with the main purpose of starting to dig in sensitive areas containing human remains, then remediation of sites containing fuel tanks,” says Chief Williams.

It’s a large team of archaeologists and labourers working under Hartley Odwak’s Sources Archaeological & Heritage Consultants, and the project got legs once the remediation of decrepit fuel storage facilities was approved by INAC. The ultimate purpose is to revitalize a community that was in a moribund state of existence. The Hopetown project has a planner in Cari St. Pierre who has a close association with the Gwawaenuk of Hopetown since 2004.

The chief says, “The project came about after two years of community meetings long before the men and equipment began to assemble, and we had the usual minor glitches to deal with. There was a muddle of things including a decrepit electrical generation system, a lot of 45 gallon fuel drums, and a major clean-up of the village site.” Essentially the Gwawaenuk people of Hopetown are dealing with a six-acre village site on Indian Reserve property that was their home due east of Port Hardy since time immemorial. 

The project is  assisted on the environmental responsibilities by HAZCO Environmental and that company hired nine people from the First Nations to assist in remediation of a 4,000 year old site of human habitation, and First Nations are on hand to supply first aid personnel. The process is geared toward completion by October 31, 2010.
 

"Then we move to the community planning phase, and that will take seven years to complete,” says Chief Williams. The chief notes, “Hopetown was kept alive by Henry Speck, an elder of Gwawaenuk who never gave up the site. Because of Henry we are able to be in Hopetown doing the right thing by our nation.” 
 

The community will be revitalized by new technology in green energy to supply cleaner energy to new housing and community facilities. Project manager St. Pierre says, “This energy system will be a hybrid green energy system applicable to remote areas, supplied by Energy Alternatives.”

St. Pierre notes that the project includes remediation of an important creek on Watson Island, “bringing the creek back to Salmon-bearing standards. That is an exciting prospect in its own right.”

Hazco Environmental engaged in Hopetown revitalization

Hazco Environmental won the bid to work in Hopetown, B.C., on the restoration of foreshore, reclamation of a valuable creek, and soil remediation of about 4,000 CM of fuel-contaminated soil. Mike Torney is the Hazco person in charge of the project, “It’s clean-up of contaminated soil from leaky fuel tanks and 45-gallon fuel drums, and the amount of the material is found at a depth that would fill about 600 tandem-truck loads of soil.”

Torney explains, “The soil is screened on-site and all of it is put on a picking table to be closely examined by archaeologists. It’s a lot of work, and nothing can leave the site without going through the process.” The soil is barged out of Hopetown (on Watson Island, somewhat adjacent to the east of Port Hardy), “and taken to the Hazco Mount Waddington Bioremediation facility in Port McNeill.”

The re-mediated soil is used by the Mount Waddington landfill operators who use it as covering material. Meanwhile, back in Hopetown, Hazco will back-fill the hole left by soil remediation while recyclers take away the oil drums and tanks. Torney says, “The project involves a lot of logistics due to the remoteness of the location, and communications are an issue as well as the need for barging everything.” It is, however, “a beautiful site. I’ve been there both summer and winter.”

The Hopetown community was kept alive by Henry Speck, Kwakwak'awakw (Kwakiutl) carver with over two decades of carving experience. Henry and his wife were the only two permanent residents. Another concern for Hazco is the foreshore that was crumbling and threatening the existence of valuable midden sites. (Midden is by definition “a mound of domestic refuse containing shells and animal bones marking the site of a prehistoric settlement.” )
 

“We are responsible for rebuilding the foreshore to protect the midden sites, and we are restoring a creek to salmon-bearing standards. The project is geared toward completion by end of October or mid-November at the latest. Hazco has seen a busy year in 2010 working on First Nation environmental remediation projects. These kinds of projects compose a growing portfolio of First Nation work in Hazco’s sphere of operations.

“We always hire locally and concentrate some of our effort on skills development. These days these communities are all about building new capacity.” He says it’s good for Hazco, where he has worked for the past eight years of his 15 years in environmental remediation. “It’s good for everybody.”

Community revitalization by Kwicksutaineuk on Gilford Island

Kerr Wood Leidal Associates Ltd. provided the consulting engineering services on the infrastructure being built on Gilford Island. Jurek Bzowski was the project engineer, and Jurek says, “We worked on the water and wastewater management system and the power generation system. The remoteness presented some challenges, but the contractors figured it out.”

 The Gilford Island community water problems had to be resolved and a new sewage treatment system had to be installed. “The community laid out a new subdivision and now they have good water in place to allow a return of members.” Jurek sees the project as, “Pure progress. They have turned an exodus into an influx.” 

Under the Kwicksutaineuk leadership of Chief Bob Chamberlin the Gilford Island community revitalization began with rearranged layout of housing at foreshore, and construction of brand new houses in the subdivision. Derik Ewen of Ewen Contracting is acting general contractor, “We have three houses under construction. They will be in lock-up condition by the end of October,” and all six will be ready to accommodate new owners in March, 2011.

The work on other housing and community development will ensue beginning next spring. Gilford Island is revitalized by a process supplied by Slegg Lumber, and Layne Ward, Contract Sales, works closely with Richard Maris, Slegg North Island Representative, on projects like this. Ward calls it a logistics effort between customer, in this case, Kwicksutaneuk Nation, and General Contractor, Ewen Contracting, and the gentlemen from Slegg.

“Richard gives me the game plan,” says Ward, operating in the Cumberland branch of Slegg, “and I assemble delivery of all the components.” The Cumberland branch is become an important assembly point for Slegg Lumber in delivering building products to North Vancouver Island customers. “Everything is on-site in Cumberland and the logistics are much better for our North Island customers since this branch opened two years ago,” says Ward.

They have 50 employees and all the trucks, cranes, and equipment to deliver housing packages like the six going up in Gilford Island this month. “These construction sites are practically remote, and it all gets there on time, I get a list on Monday, I quote by Tuesday, the purchase order is delivered in the day or two after, and the goods are booked for delivery Friday.” The Slegg family owns the Slegg Lumber and affiliated companies that operate outlets on the west coast. Layne Ward and Richard Maris have each had life-long careers in the lumber business.

Sources Archaeology specializes in Kwakwala speaking region

Hartley Odwak has made a specialization of the archaeology on the Inside Passage as it relates directly to the Kwakwala speaking people. “I began Sources Archaeology in 1997,” says Odwak, “I became interested in recording the sites of the First Nations and their ancestry on North Vancouver Island.” It serves more than posterity. “”We solve problems with archaeology, by searching about where people were, and how long they have been there.”
 

They also preserve a knowledge stream that might just disappear in the face of change, be it weather, human interaction, and in the case of Hopetown, B.C., the revitalization of a community that thrived well past first contact with the industrial age. “We often work to catch something before it’s gone, and in some cases you have one chance at gaining information from years gone by.”
 

INAC consented to funding when the Gwawaneuk leadership needed foreshore middens studied and archaeology conducted at the same site in their community of Hopetown as the soil remediation work currently underway by Hazco Environmental. “These are my favourite projects,” says Odwak. “The Band comes to us with a proposal under their direction and control and they tell us, ‘Here’s what we want done,’ and we proceed under their direction.”
 

For Odwak it’s about the research. “We specialize in what used to be known as the Southern Kwalguilth, the Kwak’awak’wakw people,” with a focus on these First Nations, which span from Quatsino to Fort Rupert to Hopetown, and beyond. “It’s a proven 5,000 year human history in the community,” says Odwak. New carbon dating from the site is intended to prove this. “We’re finding a lot of animal bones.”

Fort Nelson First Nations work hard to stay engaged in a huge oil and gas play

Harvey Behn is the General Manager of Eh-Cho Dene Enterprises in Fort Nelson, B.C., a company and a community at the centre of a huge oil and gas region in full industrial bloom. It doesn’t get any more industrially active in oil and gas than it is right now in the surroundings of Fort Nelson, says Harvey.

It is his ancestral home as much as his current home, whereas Harvey is educated in oil and gas development with a Petroleum Engineering degree from University of Wyoming. “We are riding a tsunami of new development in the oil and gas industry around us, and we are surrounded by industry, government, and then there’s us, little Indians on the bottom trying to get up on the wave and ride it to survive.”

He stares at the spending program underway by oil and gas exploration companies (the number of which are too many to count, much less name) and he reflects upon the impact to the environment, the lifestyle of people in the area, and the ways to make opportunities a reality for his community.

As general manager of Eh-Cho Dene Enterprises construction company he employs up to 120 people during major construction projects. The company history dates back to the early 1980s, and in the past 20 years the Fort Nelson Dene people have established a lot of thriving businesses that operate in the town and region; many residents of the 500-person reserve either work for Dene-owned businesses or own one themselves. (Another 300 members buy or rent homes in Fort Nelson or area.)

The current pace of business activity is a little daunting even to a professional oil man with a long career like Harvey. “Just one oil company, for example, has a $1.2 billion exploration budget to outlay in drilling and all the obligations.” Harvey’s goal is to put Eh-Cho Dene trucks and equipment into a few of these expansive operations. Fort Nelson is their epicentre of activity, a place where Harvey was born and raised. He also sits on a six-member council, while the Eh-Cho Dene company is a limited owned by the Band, and run by a six-member board of directors.

Illustrative of how busy the activity is in Fort Nelson, says Harvey, “This year there was no spring break or slow-down in exploration activity. It was non-stop this year and we expect it to be running flat-out again this coming 2011.” This is good news for the 85 percent First Nation employees under his management. It makes for a thriving reserve adjacent Fort Nelson.

Recession hurt but Millbrook remains on track toward self-sufficiency

Millbrook First Nation in Truro, Nova Scotia, is well-positioned to develop their community into a self-sufficient First Nation, says Chief Lawrence Paul, “We have a wide range of developments underway, including a land-based aquaculture development growing Arctic Char,” and the chief notes the reason for a land-based growing facility, “Apparently the saltwater is too contaminated to grow healthy fish for human consumption so they are growing them in a land-based re-circulation system.”

He says the Arctic char are currently growing in the tanks in a Millbrook-owned facility, “There is a building on our Millbrook First Nation property, leased from us, and a few tents. They are hatching and beginning to grow out the salmon and trout.” This is but one in a list of economic developments that puts the Millbrook First Nation on the pathway to self-sufficiency.

“We developed the Truro Power Centre in 2001, which now includes a call centre, motel, RV park,  restaurant, and Tim Hortons,” and an anchor tenant in Sobey’s, which was the first tenant at the Truro Power Centre. On a satellite-reserve in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Millbrook First Nation has a new building that General Dynamics leased a couple years ago. General Dynamics will be designing, maintaining, and servicing software for the new Canadian Forces Sikorsky helicopters, which will begin arriving in Dartmouth in November 2010. 

In fact, this Mi'kmaq First Nation in Nova Scotia governs the reserves of Millbrook IR 27, Cole Harbour 30, Beaver Lake I.R. 17, Sheet Harbour IR 36, Truro 27a, Truro 27b,and Truro 27c. Chief Paul works with a 12-member council that has highly qualified personnel in elected positions. They are elected from a membership over 1,400, “Closer to 1,500,” says the chief, “and that will increase to we expect close to 1,800 with a recent B.C. Supreme Court decision,” McIvor v. Canada (Registrar of Indian and Northern Affairs), [2009] B.C.J. No. 669, the B.C. Court of Appeal, “that affects Band membership across Canada.” 

Prior to the current endeavors in economic development, says Lawrence, “our focus had been on the Highway 102 Connector to the TransCanada Highway. Now the focus is on a new hotel in immediate vicinity to Truro, Nova Scotia, in a destination-oriented tourism property that will include an indoor climate-controlled waterpark. “It will be busy from September to May each year,” says the chief. 

At the Cole Harbour reserve the Millbrook First Nation has VLT (Video Lottery Terminals) making them money. “These VLT’s are good income for Millbrook,” says the chief, “big breadwinners.” The VLT’s supplied much needed income for some of the current development that Millbrook is undergoing, and much-needed cash benefits to the community membership. “Every man, woman, and child receives $1,000 in the third week of June and $1,500 each November. For those under 19 years of age the money is held in trust until they become of-age.” 

The Millbrook community is able to thrive and people are working, “We are creating jobs for ourselves and adding community services, like a health centre and a youth centre. Our kids are enrolled in the public school system. We have 19 graduates coming out of high school this year.

“We have accessed programs at university and Nova Scotia Community College trades so our graduates can pursue post-secondary opportunities. Our administrators have university educations. For example, Alex Code, Band Manager, got a B.Admin at University of New Brunswick.”

Millbrook’s leadership mentored a handful of their members to become educated and available for administrative duties for a growing group of Millbrook communities. Once the 102 connector highway was established, due to no small amount of lobbying by Millbrook, they obtained access to the mainstream of provincial life and commercial opportunities began to emerge. 

“Commercially we are doing well, and the goal is self-sufficiency,” says Lawrence. “We are breaking away from government dependency and economic development is our course.” The excitement around Millbrook these days relates to the new hotel, naturally, “a $27 million facility that will employ skilled workers when it’s built,” and meanwhile, contracts to build will supplies jobs for a pool of labour.

Chief Lawrence Paul is an elder now, and he had a long career in various kinds of endeavors, “I was an auto body man, a furnace repair man, I went to business college, and Nova Scotia Agriculture College. I was in the army in 1951,” where he spent time in Germany during the post-war period of German reconstruction. He says, “In 1984, I decided to run for chief,” and he has served 14 consecutive terms now, 28 years in the office. “I am not ready for retirement. I have another term in me after this one.”

About 700 people live in the Millbrook sub-divisions beside Truro, “We have Band members all over Canada and the U.S.,” and those members can be proud of their ancestral home, “Native people are going to go forward same as the rest of society,” says the chief, “toward self-sufficiency and into the fight for the almighty dollar,” he quips. “Now that we have leveled the playing field we are promoting education as the way forward for our people.”

Self-sufficiency is in the not-too-distant future. “The recession hurt us too, but we recovered and we have opportunities to pursue that will make it happen sooner rather than later,” including management of the building and Band-owned property in Halifax, Nova Scotia. 

Glenn Squires is CEO of Pacrim Hospitality Services of Halifax that developed and manages the Super 8 Motel located at the power centre, and Glenn says Millbrook's practical business model works well for the firm, one of Canada's largest privately-owned hotel management companies. 

 "We enjoy working with Millbrook and had a great experience with the partnership model, which works to the advantage of all," says Squires. "The relationship is very collaborative and geared to a win-win over the duration of any given project. We have done several quite successful projects with Millbrook and plan to do more in the future."

Power Centre businesses include a multiplex theatre, sit-down and drive-through restaurants, a 50-room hotel, a recreational vehicle retailer, a service station, a call centre, an aquaculture facility and the Glooscap Heritage Centre. Truro Power Centre is not the only location Millbrook has to offer for partnership opportunities.

The band owns other lands in Nova Scotia, including 19 hectares in Cole Harbour. In the past five years, the area has seen significant activity, and the Band built two apartment buildings in 2003 and 2007 worth more than $11 million. The buildings were designed specifically for empty nesters.